1. Short Story The Tomato Game By Nvm Gonzales Md
2. Short Story The Tomato Game By Nvm Gonzales Summary
3. The Tomato Game By Nvm Gonzales

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Néstor Vicente Madali González (September 8, 1915 – November 28, 1999) was a Filipino novelist, short story writer, essayist and, poet. Conferred as the National Artist of the Philippines for Literature in 1997.

Biography[edit]

He was born on 8 September 1915 in Romblon, Philippines.^[1] González, however, was raised in Mansalay, a southern town of the Philippine province of Oriental Mindoro. González was a son of a school supervisor and a teacher. As a teenager, he helped his father by delivering meat door-to-door across provincial villages and municipalities. González was also a musician. He played the violin and even made four guitars by hand. He earned his first peso by playing the violin during a Chinese funeral in Romblon. González attended Mindoro High School (now Jose J. Leido Jr. Memorial National High School) from 1927 to 1930. González attended college at National University (Manila) but he was unable to finish his undergraduate degree. While in Manila, González wrote for the Philippine Graphic and later edited for the Evening News Magazine and Manila Chronicle. His first published essay appeared in the Philippine Graphic and his first poem in Poetry in 1934. González made his mark in the Philippine writing community as a member of the Board of Advisers of Likhaan: the University of the Philippines Creative Writing Center, founding editor of The Diliman Review and as the first president of the Philippine Writers' Association.González attended creative writing classes under Wallace Stegner and Katherine Anne Porter at Stanford University. In 1950, González returned to the Philippines and taught at the University of Santo Tomas, the Philippine Women's University and the University of the Philippines (U.P.). At U.P., González was only one of two faculty members accepted to teach in the university without holding a degree. On the basis of his literary publications and distinctions, González later taught at the University of California, Santa Barbara, California State University, Hayward, the University of Washington, the University of California, Los Angeles, and the University of California, Berkeley.

On 14 April 1987, the University of the Philippines conferred on N.V.M. González the degree of Doctor of Humane Letters, honoris causa, 'For his creative genius in shaping the Philippine short story and novel, and making a new clearing within the English idiom and tradition on which he established an authentic vocabulary, ..For his insightful criticism by which he advanced the literary tradition of the Filipino and enriched the vocation for all writers of the present generation..For his visions and auguries by which he gave the Filipino sense and sensibility a profound and unmistakable script read and reread throughout the international community of letters..'

N.V.M. González was proclaimed National Artist of the Philippines in 1997. He died on 28 November 1999 at the age of 84. As a National Artist, Gonzalez was honored with a state funeral at the Libingan ng mga Bayani.

Works[edit]

The works of Gonzalez have been published in Filipino, English, Chinese, German, Russian and Indonesian.

Novels[edit]

• The Winds of April (1941)
• A Season of Grace (1956)
• The Bamboo Dancers (1988)
• The Land And The Rain
• The Happiest Boy in The World
• Bread of Salt

Short fiction[edit]

• 'The Tomato Game'.1992
• A Grammar of Dreams and Other Stories. University of the Philippines Press, 1997
• The Bread of Salt and Other Stories. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1993; University of the Philippines Press, 1993
• Mindoro and Beyond: Twenty-one Stories. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 1981; New Day, 1989
• Selected Stories. Denver, Colorado: Alan Swallow, 1964
• Look, Stranger, on this Island Now. Manila: Benipayo, 1963
• Children of the Ash-Covered Loam and Other Stories. Manila: Benipayo, 1954; Bookmark Filipino Literary Classic, 1992
• Seven Hills Away. Denver, Colorado: Alan Swallow, 1947

Essays[edit]

• A Novel of Justice: Selected Essays 1968–1994. Manila: National Commission for Culture and the Arts and Anvil (popular edition), 1996
• Work on the Mountain (Includes The Father and the Maid, Essays on Filipino Life and Letters and Kalutang: A Filipino in the World), University of the Philippines Press, 1996

Awards and prizes[edit]

• Given a Trophy from A Jokarts company (1997-1998)
• Regents Professor at the University of California at Los Angeles, 1998–1999
• Philippines Centennial Award for Literature, 1998
• National Artist Award for Literature, 1997
• Oriental Mindoro Sangguniang Panlalawigan Resolution 'extending due recognition to Nestor V. M. González.. the commendation he well deserves..' 1996
• City of Manila Diwa ng Lahi award 'for his service and contribution to Philippine national Literature,' 1996
• City of Los Angeles resolution declaring October 11, 1996 'N.V.M. González Day, 1996
• The Asian Catholic Publishers Award, 1993
• The Filipino Community of California Proclamation 'honoring N.V.M. González for seventy-eight years of achievements,' 1993
• Ninoy Aquino Movement for Social and Economic Reconstruction through Volunteer Service award, 1991
• City and County of San Francisco proclamation of March 7, 1990 'Professor N.V.M. González Day in San Francisco,' 1990
• Cultural Center of the Philippines award, Gawad Para sa Sining, 1990
• Writers Union of the Philippines award, Gawad Pambansang Alagad ni Balagtás, 1989
• University of the Philippines International Writer-in-Residence, 1988
• Doctor of Humane Letters (Honoris Causa) from the University of the Philippines, 1987
• Djerassi Foundation Artist-in-Residence, 1986
• Philippine Foreign Service Certificate of Appreciation for Work in the International Academic and Literary Community, at San Francisco, 1983
• Emeritus Professor of English, California State University, 1982
• Carlos Palanca Memorial Award (Short Story), First Prize for 'The Tomato Game,' 1971
• City of Manila Medal of Honor, 1971.
• Awarded Leverhulme Fellowship, University of Hong Kong, 1969.
• Visiting Associate Professorship in English, University of California, Santa Barbara, 1968.
• British Council award for Travel to England, 1965.
• Intemaciones Award for Travel in the Federal German Republic, 1965.
• Philippines Free Press First Prize Award winner for Serenade (short story), 1964.
• Rockefeller Foundation Writing Grant and Travel in Europe, 1964
• Jose Rizal Pro-Patria Award for The Bamboo Dancers, 1961
• Republic Cultural Heritage Award for The Bamboo Dancers, 1960
• Carlos Palanca Memorial Award (Short Story), Third Prize winner for On the Ferry, 1959
• Philippine Free Press Third Prize winner for On the Ferry, 1959
• Republic Award of Merit for 'the advancement of Filipino culture in the field of English Literature,' 1954.
• Carlos Palanca Memorial Award (Short Story), Second Prize winner for Lupo and the River, 1953
• Rockefeller Foundation Study and Travel fellowship to India and the Far East, 1952
• Carlos Palanca Memorial Award (Short Story), Second Prize winner for Children of the Ash-covered Loam, 1952
• Rockefeller Foundation Writing Fellowship to Stanford University, Kenyon College School of English, and Columbia University, 1949–1950
• Liwayway Short Story Contest, Third Prize winner for Lunsod, Nayon at Dagat-dagatan, 1943
• First Commonwealth Literary Contest honorable mention for The Winds of April, 1940

References[edit]

1. ^Brainard, Cecilia (1997), Contemporary Fiction by Filipinos in America, Pasig: Anvil, p. 238, ISBN9712707016

External links[edit]

• On N.V.M. Gonzalez at the Wayback Machine (archived March 11, 2003)
• N.V.M. Gonzalez Awards at the Wayback Machine (archived March 20, 2003)

POETRY IN ENGLISH DURING THIS PERIOD

For the first twenty years, many books were published…both in Filipino and in English. Among the writers during this time were: Fred Ruiz Castro, Dominador I. Ilio, and C.B. Rigor.

Some notable works of the period include the following:

1. HORIZONS LEAST (1967) – a collection of works by the professors of UE, mostly in English (short stories, essays, research papers, poem and drama) by Artemio Patacsil and Silverio Baltazar

The themes of most poems dealt with the usual love of nature, and of social and political problems. Toribia Maño’s poems showed deep emotional intensity.

2. WHO SPOKE OF COURAGE IN HIS SLEEP – by NVM Gonzales

3. SPEAK NOT, SPEAK ALSO – by Conrado V. Pedroche

4. Other poets were Toribia Maño and Edith L. Tiempo

5. Jose Garcia Villa’s HAVE COME, AM HERE won acclaim both here and abroad.

NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES IN ENGLISH DURING THIS PERIOD

Longer and longer pieces were being written by writers of the period. Stevan Javellana’s WITHOUT SEEING THE DAWN tells of the grim experiences of war during the Japanese Occupation.

• 1961, Kerima Polotan’s novel THE HAND OF THE ENEMY won the Stonehill Award for the Filipino novel in English.
• 1968, Luis V. Teodoro Jr.’s short story THE ADVERSARY won the Philippines Free Press short story award
• 1969, his story THE TRAIL OF PROFESSOR RIEGO won second prize in the Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature
• 1970, his short story THE DISTANT CITY won the GRAPHIC short story award.

THE NEW FILIPINO LITERATURE DURING THIS PERIOD

Philippines literature in Tagalog was revived during this period. Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese brutalities, of the poverty of life under the Japanese government and the brave guerrilla exploits.

Newspapers and magazine publications were re-opened like the Bulaklak, Liwayway, Ilang Ilang and Sinag Tala. Tagalog poetry acquired not only rhyme but substance and meaning. Short stories had better characters and events based on facts and realities and themes were more meaningful. Novels became common but were still read by the people for recreation.

The people’s love for listening to poetic jousts increased more than before and people started to flock to places to hear poetic debates.

BOOKS IN ENGLISH DURING THIS PERIOD

• (1962) Maikling Katha ng Dalawampung Pangunahing Autor by A.G. Abadilla and Ponciano E.P. Pineda
• (1964) Parnasong Tagalog collection of selected poems by Huseng Sisiw and Balagtas, collected by A.G. Abadilla
• (1965) Sining at Pamamaraan ng Pag-aaral ng Panitikan by Rufino Alejandro. He prepared this book for teaching in reading and appreciation of poems, dramas, short stories and novels.
• (1961-1967) Manlilikha, Mga Piling Tula by Rogelio G. Mangahas
• (1965) Mga Piling Akda ng Kadipan (Kapisanang Aklat ng Diwa at Panitik) by Efren Abueg
• (1967) Makata first cooperative effort to publish the poems of 16 poets in Pilipino
• (1968) Pitong Dula by Dionisio Salazar
• (1970) Manunulat: Mga Piling Akdang Pilipino by Efren Abueg. In this book, Abueg proved that it is possible to have a national integration of ethnic culture in our country.
• Mga Aklat ni Rizal: Many books about Rizal came out during this period. The law ordering the additional study of the life of Rizal helped a lot in activating our writers to write books about Rizal.

1970-1972

• According to Pociano Pineda, youth activism in 1970-72 was due to domestic and worldwide causes.
• Activism is connected with the history of our Filipino youth. Because of the ills of society, the youth moved to seek reforms. Some continued to believe that the democratic government is stable and that it is only the people running the government who are at fault. Some believed that socialism or communism should replace democracy. Some armed groups were formed to bring down the democratic form of government.
• Many young people became activists to ask for changes in the government. In the expression of this desire for change, keen were the writings of some youth who were fired with nationalism in order to emphasize the importance of their petitions.
• Many young activists were imprisoned in military camps together with rebel writers. As early as this period of history we can say that many of those writers who were imprisoned were true nationalists and heroes of their time.
• Many books aptly record and embody these times but many of these are not known to many and many of these writers still have to be interviewed. We just leave to scholars and researchers the giving of credit where credit is due.

A. THE SEED OF ACTIVISM

The seeds of activism resulted in the declaration of Martial Law in 1972. We can, however, say that the seeds were earlier sown from the times of Lapu-lapu, Lakandula, and Rizal. The revolution against the powerful forces in the Philippines can be said to be the monopoly of the youth in whose veins flow the fire in their blood. What Rizal said of the youth being the hope of the Fatherland – is still valid even today.

B. PERIOD OF THE BLOODY PLACARDS

Pineda also said that this was the time when the youth once more proved that it is not the constant evasion that shapes our race and nationalism. There is a limit to one’s patience. It may explode like a volcano if overstrained. Life? What avails like if one is a coward who does not take a stand for himself and for the succeeding generations?

C. THE LITERARY REVOLUTION

The youth became completely rebellious during this period. This was proven not only in the bloody demonstrations and in the sidewalk expressions but also in literature. Campus newspapers showed rebellious emotions. The once aristocratic writers developed awareness for society. They held pens and wrote on placards in red paint the equivalent of the word MAKIBAKA (To dare!).

They attacked the ills of society and politics. Any establishment became the symbol of the ills that had to be changed. The frustrations of youth could be felt in churches and school. Even the priests, teachers and parents, as authorities who should be respected became targets of the radical youth and were though of as hindrances to the changes they sought.

The literature of the activists reached a point where they stated boldly what should be done to effect these changes. Some of those who rallied to this revolutionary form of literature were Rolando Tinio, Rogelio Mangahas, Efren Abueg, Rio Alma, and Clemente Bautista.

WRITING DURING THE PERIOD OF 1970-1972

The irreverence for the poor reached its peak during this period of the mass revolution. It was also during this period that Bomba films that discredit our ways as Filipinos started to come out.

PALANCA AWARDEES FOR LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

ENGLISH SHORT STORY

• 1970-71

First Prize – “THE RITUAL” by Cirilo F.Bautista

Second Prize – “BEAST IN THE FIELDS” by Resil Mojares

Third Prize – “CHILDREN OF THE CITY” by Amadis Ma. Guerrero

• 1970-71

First Prize – “THE ARCHIPELAGO” by Cirilo F. Bautista

Second Prize – “FIVE POEMS” by Wilfredo Pascua Sanchez

Third Prize – “FROM MACTAN TO MENDIOLA” by Frederico Licsi Espino Jr.

ENGLISH ONE-ACT PLAY

• 1970-71

First Prize – “THE GROTESQUE AMONG US” by Maiden Flores

ENGLISH POETRY

• 1971-72

First Prize – “THE TOMATO GAME” by N.V.M. Gonzales

Second Prize – “THE APOLLO CENTENNIAL” by Gregorio C. Brillantes

Third Prize – “AFTER THIS, OUR EXILE” by Elsa Martinez Coscolluela

• 1971-72

First Prize – “BATIK MAKER AND OTHER POEMS” Dcs black shark serial keygen. by Virginia R. Moreno

Second Prize – “THE EDGE OF THE WIND” by Artemio Tadena

Third Prize – “TINIKLING (A SHEAF OF POEMS)” by Frederico Licsi Espino Jr.

• 1971-72

First Prize – “GRAVE FOR BLUE FLOWER” by Jesus T. Peralta

Second Prize – “THE UNDISCOVERED COUNTRY” by Manuel M. Martell

Third Prize – The judges recommend that in as much as the three third prize winners especially deserve, the prize of P 1,000.00 be divided among these three:

1. “THE BOXES” by Rolando S. Tinio

2. “NOW IS THE TIME FOR ALL GOOD MEN TO COME TO THE AID OF THEIR COUNTRY” by Julian E. Dacanay

3. “THE RENEGADE” by Elsa Martinez Coscolluela

WRITERS DURING THIS PERIOD

Jose F. Lacaba in his book DAYS OF DISQUIET, NIGHTS OF RAGE; THE FIRST QUARTERS STORM AND RELATED EVENTS, wrote of the tragic and tumultuous moments in our country’s history.Describing this period, he writes: “That first quarter of the year 1970…It was a glorious time, a time of terror and of wrath, but also a time for hope. The signs of change were on the horizon. A powerful storm was sweeping the land, a storm whose inexorable advance no earthly force could stop, and the name of the storm was history. He mentions that those students demonstrating at that time knew and were aware that what they were doing would be crucial to our country’s history. Student leaders thought up grandiose names for their organizations and hence, the proliferation of acronyms likes SUCCOR, YDS, KTPD, SAGUPA, SMP, KKK, KM, MDP, and SDK. Politicians endorsed bills for those who interfered with student demonstrators. Mayor Antonio Villegas himself, on Feb. 18, 1970, led demonstrators away from angry policemen. Other politicians like Eva Estrada Kalaw, and Salvador Laurel, Benigno Aquino Jr. wrote about condemnation of police brutalities.

Lacaba’s book is truly representative of writers who were eyewitnesses to this time “of terror and wrath.” Other writers strove to pour out their anguish and frustrations in words describing themselves as “gasping for the air, thirsting for the water of freedom.” Thus, the Philippine Center for the International PEN (Poets, Essayists, and Novelists) held a conference centering on the “writer’s lack of freedom in a climate of fear.”

For a day they denounced restrictions on artistic freedom and passionately led a plea for freedom. Among the writers in this group were: Nick Joaquin, S.P. Lopez, Gregorio Brillantes, F. Sionil Jose, Petronilo Daroy, Letty Jimenez-Magsanoc, Mauro Avelina, and Jose W. Diokno.

People in the other media participated in this quest for freedom. Journalists Jose Burgos Jr., Antonio Ma. Nieva, movie director Lino Brocka, art critic Anna Leah S. de Leon were battling head – on against censorship. They came up with resolutions that pleaded for causes other than their own – like the general amnesty for political prisoners, and other secret decrees restricting free expression. They requested editors and publishers to publish the real names of writers in their columns. It called on media to disseminate information on national interest without partisan leanings and resolved to be united with all causes decrying oppression and repression.

WRITING DURING THE PERIOD OF 1972-1980

The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give annual awards. Almost all themes in most writings dealt with the development or progress of the country – like the Green Revolution, family planning, proper nutrition, environment, drug addiction and pollution. The New Society tried to stop pornography or those writings giving bad influences on the morals of the people. All school newspapers were temporarily stopped and so with school organizations.

The military government established a new office called the Ministry of Public Affairs that supervised the newspapers, books and other publications. The government took part in reviving old plays like the Cenaculo, the Zarzuela and the Embayoka of the Muslims. The Cultural Center of the Philippines, the Folk Arts Theater and even the old Metropolitan Theater were rebuilt in order to have a place for these plays. Singing both Filipino and English songs received fresh incentives. Those sent abroad promoted many Filipino songs.

The weekly publications like KISLAP, and LIWAYWAY helped a lot in the development of literature. These became outlets for our writers to publish many of their works.

A. FILIPINO POETRY DURING THE PERIOD OF 1972-1980

Themes of most poems dealt with patience, regard for native culture, customs and the beauties of nature and surroundings. Those who wrote poetry during this period were: Ponciano Pineda, Aniceto Silvestre, Jose Garcia Revelo, Bienvenido Ramos, Vicente Dimasalang, Cir Lopez Francisco, and Pelagio Sulit Cruz. Many more composers added their bit during this period. Among them were Freddie Aguilar, Jose Marie Chan and the group Tito, Vic and Joey. ANAK of Freddie Aguilar became an instant success because of the spirit and emotions revealed in the song. There were even translations in Japanese and in other languages.

B. THE PLAY UNDER 1972-1980

The government led in reviving old plays and dramas, like the Tagalog Zarzuela, Cenaculo and the Embayoka of the Muslims which were presented in the rebuilt Metropolitan Theater, the Folk Arts Theater and the Cultural Center of the Philippines.

Many schools and organizations also presented varied plays. The Mindanao State University presented a play Sining Embayoka at the Cultural Center of the Philippines.

In 1977, the Tales of Manuvu, a new style of rock of the ballet opera was also added to these presentations. This was performed by Celeste Legaspi, Lea Navarro, Hadji Alejandro, Boy Camara, Anthony Castello, Rey Dizon and choreographed by Alic Reyes.

Even the President’s daughter at the time participated as a performing artist in the principal role of Santa Juana of Koral and in The Diary of Anne Frank.

The following organizations contributed a lot to the development of plays during this period:

1. PETA of Cecille Guidote and Lino Brocka

2. Repertory Philippines: of Rebecca Godines and Zenaida Amador

3. UP Repertory of Behn Cervantes

4. Teatro Filipino by Rolando Tinio

C. RADIO AND TELEVISION

Radio continued to be patronized during this period. The play series like SI MATAR, DAHLIA, ITO AND PALAD KO, and MR. LONELY were the forms of recreation of those without television. Even the new songs were first heard over the airwaves.

However, many performing artists in radio moved over to television because of higher pay. Among these were Augusto Victa, Gene Palomo, Mely Tagasa, Lina Pusing, and Ester Chavez.

Popular television plays were GULONG NG PALAD, FLOR DE LUNA, and ANNA LIZA.

SUPERMAN AND TARZAN were also popular with the youth.

D. FILIPINO FILMS

Short Story The Tomato Game By Nvm Gonzales Md

A yearly Pista ng mga Pelikulng Pilipino (Yearly Filipino Film Festival) was held during this time. During the festival which lasted usually for a month, only Filipino films were shown in all theaters in Metro Manila. Prizes and trophies were awarded at the end of the festival in recognition of excellence in film making and in role performances.

New kinds of films without sex or romance started to be made but which were nevertheless well-received by the public. Among these were:

1. MAYNILA… SA MGA KUKO NG LIWANAG written by Edgardo Reyes and filmed under the direction of Lino Brocka. Bembol Roco was the lead role.

2. MINSA’Y ISANG GAMU-GAMO by Nora Aunor was the principal performer here.

3. GANITO KAMI NOO…PAANO KAYO NGAYON led by Christopher de Leon and Gloria Diaz.

4. INSIANG by Hilda Koronel

5. AGUILA led by Fernando Poe Jr., Jay Ilagan and Christopher de Leon

Sex films could not be shelved. Foreign, as well as local films dealing the bold themes were the vehicles of producers to earn more money.

E. COMICS, MAGAZINES AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS

During this period of the New Society, newspapers donned new forms. News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism and the like were favored more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape and robberies.

The leading papers during this period were:

1. BULLETIN TODAY 5. PILIPINO EXPRESS

2. TIMES JOURNAL 6. PHILIPPINE DAILY EXPRESS

3. PEOPLES JOURNAL 7. EVENING POST

4. BALITA 8. EVENING EXPRESS

LIWAYWAY had been an old-time favorite of the Filipinos since 1920. Other magazines were:

1. KISLAP 3. EXTRA HOT

2. BULAKLAK 4. JINGLE SENSATION

Like mushrooms, comics also proliferated everywhere and were enjoyed by the masses. Among these were:

1. PILIPINO 4. HIWAGA

2. EXTRA 5. KLASIK

3. LOVE LIFE 6. ESPESYAL

F. PALANCA AWARDEES

1. SHORT STORY CATEGORY

• 1972-73

First Prize – “SPOTS ON THEIR WINGS AND OTHER STORIES” by Antonio Enriquez

Second Prize – “ON FRIENDS YOU PIN SUCH HOPES” by Ines Taccad Camayo

Third Prize – “THE LIBERATION OF MRS. FIDELA MAGSILANG” by Jaime A. Lim

• 1973-74

First Prize – “THE CRIES OF CHILDREN ON AN APRIL AFTERNOON IN THE YEAR 1957” by Gregorio C. Brillantes

Second Prize – “THE WHITE DRESS” by Estrella D. Alfon

Third Prize – “TELL ME WHO CLEFT THE DEVIL’S FOOT” by Luning Bonifacio Ira

Honorable Mention – “SCORING” by Joy T. Dayrit

• 1974-75

First Prize – co-winners

1. “THE DAY OF THE LOCUSTS” by Leoncio P. Deriada

2. “ROMANCE AND FAITH ON MOUNT BANAHAW” by Alfred A. Yuson

Second Prize – co-winners

1. “THE MAN WHO MADE A COVENANT WITH THE WIND” by Cirilo F. Bautista

2. “ONCE UPON A CRUISE: GENERATIONS AND OTHER LANDSCAPES” by Luning Bonifacio Ira

3. “AGCALAN POINT” by Jose Y. Dalisay, Jr.

Third Prize – co-winners

1. “THE DOG EATERS” by Leoncio P. Deriada

2. “THE PEOPLE’S PRISON” by Mauro R. Avena

3. “DISCOVERY” by Dr. Porfirio F. Villarin, Jr.

4. “A SUMMER GOODBYE” by Linda Ledesma and Benjamin Bautista

2. PLAY CATEGORY

• 1972-73

First Prize – “THE HEART OF EMPTINESS IS BLACK” by Ricardo Demetillo

Second Prize – “GO, RIDER!” by Azucena Crajo Uranza

Third Prize – “THE RICEBIRD HAS BROWN WINGS” by Federico Licsi Espino, Jr.

• 1973-74

First Prize (No Award)

Second Prize – “AFTERCAFE” by Juan H. Alegre

Third Prize – “DULCE EXTRANJERA” by Wilfredo D. Nollede

• 1974-75

First Prize – “A LIFE IN THE SLUMS” by Rolando S. Tinio

Second Prize – “PASSWORD” by Paul Stephen Lim

Third Prize – “THE MINERVA FOUNDATION” by Maidan Flores

3. POETRY CATEGORY

• 1972-73

First Prize – “CHARTS” by Cirilo F. Bautista

Second Prize – “A TRICK OF MIRRORS” by Rolando S. Tinio

Third Prize – “ALAPAAP’S MOUNTAIN” by Erwin E. Castillo

• 1973-74

First Prize – co-winners

1. “MONTAGE” by Ophelia A. Dimalanta

2. “IDENTITIES” by Artemio Tadena

Second Prize – co-winners

1. “BOXES” by Ricardo de Ungria

2. “GLASS OF LIQUID TRUTHS” by Gilbert A. Luis Centina III

Third Prize – co-winners

1. “A LIEGE OF DATUS AND OTHER POEMS” by Jose N. Carreon

2. “RITUALS AND METAPHORS” by Celestino M. Vega

• 1974-75

First Prize – “TELEX MOON” by Cirilo F. Bautista

Second Prize – “ADARNA: SIX POEMS FROM A LARGER CORPUS” by Wilfredo Pascua Sanchez

Third Prize – “THE CITY AND THE THREAD OF LIGHT” by Ricardo Demetillo

REPUBLIC CULTURAL HERITAGE AWARDEES (1960-1971)

NATIONAL ARTISTS

(1973)

• Amado V. Hernandez (Posthumous) (Literature)
• Jose Garcia Villa (Literature)
• Francisco Reyes Aquino (Dance)
• Carlos V. Francisco (Posthumous) (Painting)
• Antonio J. Molina (Music)
• Guillermo Tolentino (Sculpture)

(1976)

Short Story The Tomato Game By Nvm Gonzales Summary

• Nick Joaquin (Literature)
• Napoleon V. Abueva (Sculpture)
• Pablo Antonio (Posthumous) (Architecture)
• Lamberto V. Avellana (Movies)
• Victorio G. Edades (Painting)
• Jovita Fuentes (Music)

The Tomato Game By Nvm Gonzales

G. AN OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE DURING 1972-1980

Bilingual education which was initiated by the Board of National Education as early as 1958 and continued up to the period of Martial Rule in September 21, 1972, resulted in the deterioration of English in the different levels of education. The focus of education and culture was on problems of national identity, on re-orientation, renewed vigor and a firm resolves to carry out plans and programs.

The forms of literature that led during this period wee the essays, debates and poetry. The short stories, like the novels and plays were no different in style from those written before the onset of activism.

Some of the books that came out during this period were:

• 1976 – I Married a Newspaperman (essay) by Maria Luna Lopez (wife of newsapaperman Salvador B. Lopez)
• 1980 – The Modern Filipino Short Story by Patricia Melendrez Cruz
• 1976 – Cross Currents in Afro-Asian Literature, by Rustica D. Carpio
• Brief Time to Love by Ofelia F. Limcaco
• Medium Rare and Tell the People (feature articles and TV Program) by Julie Yap Daz

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